EAST DONYLAND​ / ROWHEDGE

Lord Dunraven’s first attempt at building a challenger for the America’s Cup was the 70 ft., 94-ton, cutter Valkyrie. Built in 1889 by J. G. Fay of Southampton and designed by G. L. Watson she was skippered by Tom Diaper but the Americans declined to meet her with a vessel of her own length and she never crossed the Atlantic. In her first three seasons she raced all round the coast and proved very successful. However, she was often second best to the Rowhedge crew of Mr. Ralli’s 85ft. cutter Yarana. Impressed by Yarana’s 78 prizes valued at $16,850 during that  period Lord Dunraven engaged her captain William Cranfield and his crew for the Valkyrie.

The 1891 racing season was an excellent one for Valkyrie. Out of twenty eight starts she won eleven first prizes, including the Queen’s Cup, the Albert Cup, the Town Cup at the Royal Yacht Squadron Regatta (with Prince Henry of Prussia on board), and four seconds. She added even more to this  tally of prizes before going to Wivenhoe to lay up for the winter.

In January of 1892 Lord Dunraven entered Valkyrie in the Mediterranean regattas and after re-fitting at Wivenhoe she left for Gibraltar and the south of France. In March of that year she won international races at Nice, Mentone, Monaco, and Monte Carlo, and was considered unbeatable.

Despite her successes Lord Dunraven had other plans and while on this trip sold Valkyrie to Archduke Karl Stephan, of Austria, at Pola. With the help of Prince Batthyany-Strattmann the crew were able to make their way home to England.

Valkyrie was subsequently sold to Mr. Florio, an Italian nobleman, but did not fare well in the Continental regattas. Mr. Florio then engaged William Cranfield’s brother Lemon and a crew of Rowhedgers for the 1894 Mediterranean regatta season and Valkyrie competed at  Monaco, Monte Carlo, Nice, Cannes etc,  but against the much larger and up-to-date Britannia she was outclassed. Valkyrie made the news  in May 1894 when it was reported that she had been lost with all hands off the coast of Africa. The story proved to be untrue but Lord Dunraven, in his memoirs, admitted that even he did not know what became of her.

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VALKYRIE I - 1891 & 1892 - Skippered by William Wadley Cranfield of Rowhedge, with a mostly Colneside crew.

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THE OBSERVER – Monday 2 March 1891 - “YACHTING – Captain Cranfield, late skipper of the Yarana, has been appointed master of the Valkyrie, belonging to Earl Dunraven. This is looked upon as an intention on the part of the Earl to fit out, though no order respecting her has yet been given.”

THE OBSERVER – Sunday 5 April 1891 - “YACHTING – Southampton, Saturday – Lord Dunraven’s cutter Valkyrie will shortly receive her new copper and get under way. She will be steered by Cranfield, who last year was skipper of Mr. P.A. Ralli’s racer, Yarana, which will not leave her winter berth this year.”

THE HAMPSHIRE ADVERTISER - 11 April 1891 - “SOUTHAMPTON YACHTING NEWS - SALE OF THISTLE AND YARANA... The Solent regattas (says The Field) will not only be unusually numerous this year, but will eventuate with great éclat if all the schemes of committeemen are conducted to a successful issue... Yarana is in the sale list, but the “unexpected,” might happen in her case, just as it did in Thistle’s, and she may yet bear this season the fighting flag of another owner... The “unexpected” referred to by The Field has come to pass, as the Yarana has been sold to a gentleman well-known at Southampton, and who is a thorough yachtsman, viz., Mr. M. B. Kennedy, owner of the Maid Marion, yawl. Captain James Thompson, of this port, who has sailed the Maid Marion, and a crew left Southampton on Thursday morning for Rowhedge to take charge of the Yarana, and bring her to Southampton, where she will be fitted out for the Thames matches... W. Cranfield and a crew arrived at the yard [Fay and Co., at Northam] on Monday last to take charge of the Valkyrie, cutter, Earl Dunraven, and fit her out for the next season’s racing.”

THE OBSERVER – Sunday 19 April 1891 - “YACHTING – Lord Dunraven’s racer Valkyrie, has been caulked and is getting her copper on, and will probably be launched with Iverna. She is having a good fit, and will be sailed by last year’s crew of the Yarana.”

THE YACHTSMAN - 25 April 1891 - “Valkyrie will have the crew which sailed Yarana last year. Yarana will now rejoice in the name of Maid Marian.”

Also - “Mr. Myles Kennedy, who recently purchased Yarana from Mr. P. A. Ralli, intends altering her name to Maid Marian, and will race her under his old flag - black with a white M in centre... Valkyrie is being got ready for the matches on the Thames as quickly as possible, and as William Cranfield, who is now in charge, has got his old crew from Yarana shipped, she will probably give a good account of herself this summer.”

THE OBSERVER – Sunday 26 April 1891 - “YACHTING – Southampton, Saturday – ....whilst from Fay’s yard on the following day [Tuesday 28 April] the Earl of Dunraven’s celebrated Valkyrie will be launched from her winter quarters.”

THE TIMES – Monday 27 April 1891 - “YACHTING – The Valkyrie, cutter, Lord Dunraven, will be put afloat to-morrow, and also fit out for the racing season.”

THE YACHTSMAN - 2 May 1891 - “Valkyrie, Lord Dunraven’s crack yacht, was launched from Fay’s, Northam, on Tuesday... A report has got abroad that Valkyrie will make her bow in American waters to try conclusions with the 70-footers. This is probably what they call in Ireland all “bla-flum.”

It was also noted that Yarana had wintered at Rowhedge.

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THE TIMES – Wednesday 20 May 1891 - “YACHTING – THE COMING YACHT RACING SEASON… Lord Dunraven has had no expense spared in giving the Valkyrie a perfect racing outfit, and has engaged William Cranfield, who so successfully sailed the Yarana, for skipper. The Valkyrie has been re-coppered, given new standing and running rigging and a new suit of sails, and she is sure to sail in better form than last season. The Yarana, which has been renamed Maid Marion, commenced the season brilliantly, last year, but was completely outsailed by the Valkyrie before the close.”

THE YACHTSMAN - 23 May 1891 - “The Valkyrie, Earl of Dunraven, sailed for Southampton on Friday, the 15th inst.... The Earl of Dunraven, who is commodore of the Castle [Yacht Club], also steered his own boat [5-rater Alwida], and his racing cutter, Valkyrie, was at anchor off the Calshot promontory all day.”

THE YACHTSMAN - 30 May 1891 - “COWES - The Valkyrie, cutter, Earl of Dunraven, arrived here from Southampton on Wednesday and remains.”

VALKYRIE I – 1891 season, from THE TIMES, THE OBSERVER, THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN & THE YACHTSMAN

THE YACHTSMAN - 6 June 1891 - “NEW THAMES YACHT CLUB MATCH - Monday, June 1st. With the “cold wave” gone on leave of absence and a bright sun shining, things turned out well for the New Thames. A truly glorious first of June inaugurated the opening of the big yacht-racing season. During the whole day the sun shone with unwonted vigour in a cloudless sky, its heat being mitigated by a strong and steady breeze from E.N.E.; but, all the same, when once the Mouse was rounded, and spinnakers set, the shade proved very grateful to the burning face of many an amateur. Down Sea Reach the eight competitors made a grand marine picture, cross-tacking in bright sunshine and spanking breeze.... Valkyrie, moreover, had undergone extensive alterations, and was said to have been greatly improved. These expectations were fully realised for despite the brisk wind, her victory over Iverna was never in doubt for a moment.... Match open to yachts of any rig exceeding 9-rating. First prize, £50; second prize, £25; third prize, £15; fourth prize, £10. If the first prize is won by a yacht of over 40-rating, the second prize will be given to the first yacht of 40-rating and under saving her time. Course from the Lower Hope, round the Mouse Lightship, and back to Gravesend. Time allowance for a 50-mile course. Starters:- Iverna, cutter, 117 tons, Mr. J. Jameson; Valkyrie, cutter, 78 tons, Earl of Dunraven; Blue Rock, cutter, 67 tons, Mr. J. Sutcliffe; Columbine, yawl, 61 tons, Mr. W. B. Paget; Maid Marion, cutter, 62 tons, Mr. M. B. Kennedy; Reverie, cutter, 40 tons, Mr. A. D. Clarke; Creole, cutter, 40 tons, Col. V. Bagot; White Slave, cutter, 40 tons, Mr. F. W. L. Popham.

The time allowances were:- Iverna allows Valkyrie 9min. 46sec.; Blue Rock 13min. 43 sec,; Maid Marion 15min. 45sec.; Columbine 22min. 35sec.; and White Slave, Reverie and Creole 27min. 44sec.

Save for the first hour or so the race itself was uninteresting, though exceedingly pretty as a spectacle. It was a dead beat to windward the whole way down to the lightship, and the yachts soon settled down into places, which they maintained with little alteration to the end of the race. Blue Rock led over the line (the gun, by the way, was fired ten seconds too soon), then Valkyrie and Creole to windward,  the others a few seconds astern together, Iverna being, for a wonder, absolutely last. All carried working topsails, the pole-masted White Slave having one like a barge’s, which fitted so badly that it seemed to be hoisted tack upwards, nor was her mainsail a great success.

At the Lower Hope Blue Rock still held the lead, with Reverie sailing wonderfully in second place, closely followed by Valkyrie. All went on starboard cast for the Essex side, and Maid Marion drew up somewhat in going through the Hope. Iverna broke tacks, and the others followed suit. In the short cross-tacking Iverna, of course, was at a disadvantage, but she had one or two shies at Reverie, which was here a thorn in her side. Reverie’s opportunity soon came, and she left Iverna behind her.... Valkyrie had all her work cut out to pass Blue Rock, and the latter held her place a long time. Reverie, Iverna, and Maid Marion were now in close company, doing a little wind-jamming, with Blue Rock and Valkyrie indulging in the same pastime. At last Valkyrie took the lead from Blue Rock, and Iverna headed Reverie, only to be once again weathered by that remarkable craft. Maid Marion, however, was very cleverly piloted, and after a long cast on starboard she came round, and when she met the fleet again, she was in third place. Off Southend Valkyrie and Iverna began to draw away from the rest very quickly. Blue Rock, after infinite trouble, got past Reverie. Maid Marion went into third place in the more open water and drew away. Valkyrie and Iverna stood on port tack into Southend, and heaving round made a long leg off on starboard. After a few short tacks to the West Bay Buoy, they fetched the Mouse in a long close haul, Iverna closing up rapidly. Rounding the lightship they were timed as follows:- Valkyrie 2.37.15; Iverna 2.39.32; Maid Marion 2.54.12; Blue Rock 2.55.34; Reverie 2.56.42; Creole 3.0.40; Columbine 3.3.25.

Spinnakers were requisitioned now, and the two leaders were very smart in setting them. The wind began to fail, but Iverna ran past Valkyrie, and the finish off Rosherville was timed:- Iverna (third prize) 4.51.47; Valkyrie (winner by time) 4.55.9; Maid Marion 5.13.36; Blue Rock 5.16.40; Reverie (second prize) 5.19.47; Creole (fourth prize) 5.24.38; Columbine 5.28.8.”

THE YACHTSMAN - 6 June 1891 - “ROYAL THAMES YACHT CLUB - Tuesday, June 2nd. 1st Class Match for yachts exceeding a rating of 40. First prize, £80; second prize, £40, if three vessels start. Course from the Lower Hope, round the Mouse Lightship, and return to Gravesend. Entries and time allowance for 50 miles:- Iverna, 110 tons, cutter, John Jameson, Esq.; Valkyrie, 78 tons, cutter, Rt. Hon. Lord Dunraven, allowance 9m. 57s; Blue Rock, 68 tons, cutter, J. Sutcliffe, Esq., 13m. 31s; Maid Marion, 62 tons, M. B. Kennedy, Esq., 15m. 57s.

A fine day at first, but hazy, with light westerly airs which strengthened and grew more definite during the run down river. In the first match Blue Rock did not start.... Valkyrie was again first over the line, and Iverna again last. As soon as they were clear of Lower Hope all three yachts set their spinnakers to port, Iverna drawing up abreast of Maid Marion at the West Blyth Buoy, Valkyrie maintaining her advantage of about half-a-cable’s length. The shifting winds necessitated two jibes off the Chaplin Light and again at the Nore. Off the Chaplin Valkyrie lost ground by not setting her spinnaker on the other side as smartly as did the other two boats, but abreast of the Nore the breeze freshened considerably, the spread of canvas told, and the yachts, which hitherto were close together, rapidly tailed out in order of magnitude, the jack-yarders of the bigger boats catching the wind far better than Maid Marion’s gaff-top-sail. The order round the Mouse was Iverna, Valkyrie, Maid Marion.

Then commenced a dead beat of short boards to windward. Valkyrie did not give the Blacktail Spit a sufficiently wide berth, and had the bad luck to “pile up,” remaining ashore for some twelve minutes, during which Maid Marion assumed a long lead of her. Shortly afterwards the wind fell rather lighter, and rain began to fall. The wind freeing slightly, the yachts were just able to hold their course on the port tack, maintaining their positions unchanged for some two hours. In the same order, but with gradually lessening intervals, they crawled slowly home in heavy rain on the top of the tide, a ding-dong race ending thus:-

Iverna, 7h.9m.30s; Maid Marion, 7h.11m.33s; Valkyrie, 7h.15m.55s.

Maid Marion won first prize, and Valkyrie the second; but for the latter’s accident these positions might possibly have been reversed.”

THE YACHTSMAN - 13 June 1891 - “ROYAL LONDON YACHT CLUB - WEDNESDAY, June 3. Match open to yachts exceeding 19-rating. First prize, £60; second prize, £30 (if four or more yachts start). If the first prize be won by a yacht exceeding 40-rating, the second prize to be given to the second yacht not exceeding 40-rating saving her time, or vice versa. Course, from the Lower Hope round the Mouse Lightship, and back to Gravesend. Time allowance for 50 miles. A threatening morning gradually gave place to a fairly fine day, and gave the yachts an unexpectedly favourable opportunity for drying the sails that had been drenched on the previous evening. The wind throughout the day was easterly, with a little south in it at times, and of varying strength. An exceedingly interesting and very close race was somewhat marred by one or two contretemps. Blue Rock, who had sailed a consistently good race, and when possessing a fair chance of saving her time, “piled up” as she rounded the point above Lower Hope, and when almost in sight of the finish. We seldom remember  a worsely managed start. The yachts were hanging about well above the starting line, there being little or no wind and a strong ebb, when the Club steamer suddenly appeared out of the haze with the red flag (denoting15 minutes to start) flying. No one could tell how long it had been hoisted, and everyone was surprised to see it hauled down, and the 5-min. gun fired almost immediately after the steamer had taken up its position.

The following were the entries:- Iverna; Valkyrie [time allowed by Iverna] 9m.57s.; Blue Rock 13m.30s.; Maid Marion 15m.56s.; Columbine 22m.47s.; Creole, Reverie, Thalia, White Slave 27m.55s.

Thalia was an absentee. When the gun went Valkyrie, Blue Rock and Iverna were fortunately near enough to make a fairly good start, then came Reverie, some three minutes later Creole, and fully five minutes astern were Columbine, White Slave, and Maid Marion, in the order named.

The wind being very light at first, every boat carried small jib-topsails, big working foresails and big topsails. The three leaders almost immediately after the start obtained a favourable puff, which they held for some time until they had left the rest far astern. It was a dead beat to windward, as on Monday, but with longer boards on the starboard tack. Maid Marion slowly picked her way through the smaller boats, soon leaving White Slave and Columbine astern, passing the forties at the Nore and half-way between the two lightships, getting a favourable slant, which enabled her to get within distance of the leaders.

Valkyrie meanwhile led Iverna, the latter heading Blue Rock. Reverie and Creole had a pretty race of their own, with White Slave as whipper-in. Creole got past Reverie. They rounded the Mouse as follows:-

Valkyrie 2h.34m.45s; Iverna 2h.36m.43s; Blue Rock 2h.40m.2s; Maid Marion 2h.43m35s; Creole 2h.46m.18s; Reverie 2h.47m.38s; Columbine 2h.50m.53s; White Slave 2h.53m.10s.

There was no gun-fire at the turning point, an economy that the skippers much regretted, as the positions were very interesting. The start for home was made with spinnakers out to port, and so they were carried all the way, except that they had to be lowered for the few minutes occupied in reaching up the Lower Hope. Jib topsails, which had been up and down throughout the beat down, now became a fixture. The four large yachts rapidly increased their  distance from the smaller fry.... Iverna passed Valkyrie abreast of Southend Pier, and the wind falling light again enabled Maid Marion to pick up a lot more of the ground which she had lost at the start. Passing the starting post it seemed as though the race was a certainty for Blue Rock or Maid Marion. But no race is won four miles from the finish. Blue Rock, as stated, took the ground, and her chance vanished; almost immediately afterwards the breeze fell right away, and Maid Marion found herself scarcely able to run past the numerous barges. As it was she was narrowly defeated and not disgraced. Scarcely was she past the post when it was noticed that the rearguard had gained tremendously; they were bringing up a brisk breeze with them, and instead of being quite out of the race, as everyone had opined, Reverie, with Creole no great distance astern, both managed to save their time off Valkyrie. The official timing at the finish was:- Iverna 5h.51m.58s; Valkyrie 5h.56m.7s; Maid Marion 6h.2m.35s; Columbine 6h.10m.35s; Reverie 6h.12m.17s; Creole 6h.13m.8s.

The Reverie takes the first prize by time and the Valkyrie the second.”

THE YACHTSMAN - 13 June 1891 - “ROYAL THAMES YACHT CLUB - [on Saturday 6 June 1891] There are few matches during the season that are more popular with yachtsmen than the annual race of this Club from the Nore to Dover.... The matches on Saturday were no exception to the rule, and better sport could scarcely have been seen. With a fresh easterly wind the merits of the various yachts were fairly tested and the best vessels took the prizes.... The wind was bitterly cold all day.... The first race was for yachts of any rig. First prize, £100; second, a silver-gilt jug and four goblets... third prize, £20. Starters:- Iverna, Valkyrie, Maid Marion, White Slave, Reverie, Creole, Thalia, Ghost, [cutter, 20 rating, L. M. Ames], Lethe.

Course, from the Nore to Dover, keeping outside the Goodwin Sands.

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THE OBSERVER – Sunday 7 June 1891 - “YACHTING – THE ROYAL THAMES YACHT CLUB – The result of the yacht race which took place yesterday from the Nore to Dover, for yachts of 15 rating and upwards, was as follows: Iverna, first, 4h.0min.39sec.; Valkyrie, second, 4h.16min.4sec.; Thalia, third, 4h.36min.36sec.”

THE YACHTSMAN - 13 June 1891 - “ROYAL CINQUE PORTS YACHT CLUB. FIRST DAY, Monday 8 June 1891 -  The race from the Thames on Saturday brought a fleet of some 40 yachts to Dover, so that the docks were pretty well filled. Sunday at Dover during the regatta is always a kind of show day, but unfortunately the cold east wind increased both in strength and keenness, making it more like the depth of winter than the height of summer, so that the usual parade through the docks was practically abandoned. After heavy rain during the night Monday brought an improvement, as although there was still plenty of wind it was warmer, and with the sun shining and not much sea the day was pleasant enough for racing. There were ten yachts entered for the Queen’s Cup, but only four sported racing flags - Maid Marion (late Yarana) not having got some damage, done on Saturday, repaired, and the 40-raters not caring to compete in a fresh breeze with the larger vessels. Although this was much to be regretted, seeing that the prize was the gift of Her Majesty, it was, perhaps, excusable enough.... Few though the starters were for the Queen’s Cup, a better or more interesting race has seldom been seen.... The wind made the course all in favour of the cutter, there being a long thrash to windward from the Varne Buoy to the South Sands Head and a dead run back to Dover.... As for Valkyrie and Blue Rock, they were quite overpowered by the two larger vessels, and never had a chance.... Match for yachts of any rig, exceeding 20-rating, belonging to a recognised yacht club. First Prize, Her Majesty’s Cup, value £105; second prize, £30. Entries:- Iverna, Valkyrie, Blue Rock, Maid Marion, Creole, Thalia, Reverie, White Slave, Lethe, Columbine. Twice round the Dover course. Distance 44 miles. Y.R.A. rules and allowances.

The start was made at 11 o’clock, Valkyrie, timing herself to a second, leading over the line as the gun fired, followed by Iverna and Lethe, Blue Rock bringing up the rear about half a minute astern.... It was a broad reach (nearly free enough for spinnakers) out to the Varne, and Iverna going wide through Valkyrie’s lee took the lead, and tacking round the buoy about a minute and a half ahead of her and two minutes and a half ahead of Lethe. It was now a turn to windward, all making a long board towards the Foreland on starboard tack. Lethe forereaching very fast, although, of course, not holding so good a wind as the cutters, crossed Valkyrie, when they met, and was gaining slightly on Iverna. One tack off shore on port tack enabled them to come about and weather the South Sands Head Lightship, where Iverna led Lethe by 2m. 20secs., Valkyrie by 4m. 35s. and Blue Rock by 9m. 50s. It was now a dead run to Dover, spinnakers being boomed out to starboard, and as they gybed at the end of the first round they were timed:- Iverna 1h.17m.18s; Lethe 1h.19m.54s; Valkyrie 1h.25m.37s; Blue Rock 1h.31m.59s.

Again it was a broad reach out to the Varne Buoy, no change of position taking place, and as they stayed round the buoy the timing was:- Iverna 1h.55m.0s; Lethe 1h.58m.5s; Valkyrie 2h.6m.15s; Blue Rock was not timed.  Turning to windward was only a repetition of the first round, but Lethe... lost a good deal of valuable time... whilst Valkyrie was 15 minutes astern of Iverna. Again it was a run with spinnakers to starboard, Iverna tearing a hole in hers, which, however, lost her little or no time, and a very fine race finished- Iverna (second prize) 3h.29m.36s; Lethe (first prize) 3h.33m.14s; Valkyrie 3h.47m.52; Blue Rock 4h.2m.44s.

A telegram received by the Club on Tuesday evening from the Secretary of the Y.R.A. stated that Lethe by her new certificate is 123.4-rating, which, reduced for rig allowance, makes her sailing rating 99. Lethe, therefore, saved her time from Iverna with four seconds to spare. Iverna takes second prize. At the finish of the race a man was knocked overboard from Blue Rock by the jib, but he was picked up again very smartly none the worse for the accident.”

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THE TIMES - ROYAL CINQUE PORTS YACHT CLUB REGATTA on Tuesday 9 June 1891 – Bad weather and matches postponed until following day.

THE TIMES - ROYAL CINQUE PORTS YACHT CLUB REGATTA on Wednesday 10 June 1891 – “For the other match the first gun was fired at noon, Valkyrie’s skipper showed great judgement in reckoning distance…”. Due to light air and tide the match could not be completed before daybreak on Thursday.

THE TIMES - ROYAL CINQUE PORTS YACHT CLUB REGATTA on 10/11 June 1891 – Dover to Boulogne and back:- 1.Iverna 2.Thalia 3.Valkyrie. Another race, also on Thursday 11th:- 1.Valkyrie 2.Iverna 3.Maid Marion.

THE YACHTSMAN - 13 June 1891 - “NEW THAMES YACHT CLUB - MATCH, SATURDAY, 13th June, 1891. [Match to Harwich] For yachts of any rig exceeding 9-rating. The following are the entries:- First prize, £50. Second prize, £25, if four start. Third prize, £15, if six start. Fourth prize, £10, if seven start. Should the first prize be won by a yacht of over 40-rating, the second prize will be given to the first yacht of 40-rating or under saving her time, or vice-versa; the third prize will follow the first; and the fourth prize will follow the second.

Recall No. Name. Rig. Rating. Owner. Flag.

1. Creole, cutter, 40, Col. Villiers Bagot. White with Red Cross; 2. Reverie, cutter, 40, A. D. Clarke. Pale Blue with Swallow in centre; 3. White Slave, cutter, 40, F. W. L. Popham, Esq. Red, White, Green and Crest in centre; 4. Blue Rock, cutter, 68, J. Sutcliffe, Esq. Black, with Yellow St. Andrew’s Cross; 5. Valkyrie, cutter, 78, Rt. Hon. Ld. Dunraven. Yellow, with Blue Triangle; 6. Iverna, cutter, 118, John Jameson, Esq. Black, with Gold Star; 7. Maid Marion, cutter, 62, M. B. Kennedy, Esq. Black, with letter M in White; 8. Lethe, yawl, 124, S. C. Watson, Esq. Red, White and Blue diagonal; 9. Decima, cutter, 10, J. J. Greenshields, Esq. Two Green Shields on White Ground; 10 Genesta, yawl, -, C. R. Parker, Esq. Green and Pink, Horizontal; 11. Thalia, cutter, 40, J. A. Inglis, Esq. Blue, with White Star.

N.B. - These ratings are approximate only in some cases - the vessels have not all been measured.”